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This version was published on June 1, 2008
Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vol. 13, No. 2, 120-129 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/1074248407313821

The Protective Effect of Bergamot Oil Extract on Lecitine-like OxyLDL Receptor-1 Expression in Balloon Injury-related Neointima Formation

Vincenzo Mollace, MD

University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy, mollace{at}libero.it, San Raffaele Pisana IRCCS, Rome, Italy, Centro di Ricerca Salus, Bruzzano Zeffirio (Rc), Italy, Institute Mondino-Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy

Salvatore Ragusa, PhD

University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy

Iolanda Sacco, PhD

University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy

Carolina Muscoli, PhD

University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy, San Raffaele Pisana IRCCS, Rome, Italy, Institute Mondino-Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy

Francesca Sculco

University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy

Valeria Visalli

University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy

Ernesto Palma, MD

University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy

Saverio Muscoli, MD

University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy

Luigi Mondello, PhD

University of Messina, Italy

Paola Dugo, PhD

University of Messina, Italy

Domenicantonio Rotiroti, MD

University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy

Francesco Romeo, MD

University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy

Lectin-like oxyLDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) has recently been suggested to be involved in smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and neointima formation in injured blood vessels. This study evaluates the effect of the nonvolatile fraction (NVF), the antioxidant component of bergamot essential oil (BEO), on LOX-1 expression and free radical generation in a model of rat angioplasty. Common carotid arteries injured by balloon angioplasty were removed after 14 days for histopathological, biochemical, and immunohistochemical studies. Balloon injury led to a significant restenosis with SMC proliferation and neointima formation, accompanied by increased expression of LOX-1 receptor, malondialdehyde and superoxide formation, and nitrotyrosine staining. Pretreatment of rats with BEO-NVF reduced the neointima proliferation together with free radical formation and LOX-1 expression in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that natural antioxidants may be relevant in the treatment of vascular disorders in which proliferation of SMCs and oxyLDL-related endothelial cell dysfunction are involved.

Key Words: balloon injury • oxidative stress • oxyLDL • bergamot extract


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